托福阅读语法技巧：形容词 动词不定式_1
A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire that provides information concerning how people think and In the United States, the best-known surveys are the Gallup poll and the Harris As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows, these polls have become an important part of political life in the United
North Americans are familiar with the many person-on-the-street interviews on local television news While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factory workers, depending on which area the newspeople Second, television interviews tend to attract outgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel intimidated by a A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely reflect a broad range of the
In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercise great care in the wording of An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand It must also be specific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the Even questions that are less structured must be carefully phrased in order to elicit the type of information Surveys can be indispensable sources of information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are worded
There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the Each of these forms of survey research has its An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject's underlying feelings and However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more
What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The history of surveys in North America
(B) The principles of conducting surveys
(C) Problems associated with interpreting surveys
(D) The importance of polls in American political life
The word they in line 8 refers to
(A) North Americans
(B) news shows
(C) interviews
(D) opinions
According to the passage , the main disadvantage of person-on-the-street interviews is that
they
(A) are not based on a representative sampling
(B) are used only on television
(C) are not carefully worded
(D) reflect political opinions
The word precise in line 13 is closest in meaning to
(A) planned
(B) rational
(C) required
(D) accurate
According to paragraph 3, which of the following is most important for an effective survey?
(A) A high number of respondents
(B) Carefully worded questions
(C) An interviewer's ability to measure respondents' feelings
(D) A sociologist who is able to interpret the results
The word exercise in line 15 is closest in meaning to
(A) utilize
(B) consider
(C) design
(D) defend
The word elicit in line 19 is closest in meaning to
(A) compose
(B) rule out
(C) predict
(D) bring out
It can be inferred from the passage that one reason that sociologists may become frustrated
with questionnaires is that
(A) respondents often do not complete and return questionnaires
(B) questionnaires are often difficult to read
(C) questionnaires are expensive and difficult to distribute
(D) respondents are too eager to supplement questions with their own opinions
According to the passage , one advantage of live interviews over questionnaires is that live
interviews
(A) cost less
(B) can produce more information
(C) are easier to interpret
(D) minimize the influence of the researcher
The word probe in line 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) explore
(B) influence
(C) analyze
(D) apply
Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?
(A) Survey (line 1)
(B) Public opinion (line 8)
(C) Representative sampling (line 13)
(D) Response rate (line 24)
PASSAGE 80 BCADB ADABA A
