怎么快速背雅思阅读单词
How Private Universities Could Help to Improve Public Ones
are many rich In 20XX private assets are estimated to have been worth ?5 trillion ($ trillion)， half of which belongs to the richest tenth of the But with money comes stinginess， especially when it comes to giving to higher America devotes twice as much of its income to universities and colleges as Germany (% of GDP， against %) mainly because of higher private spending—and bigger
year's figures should be less In November Klaus Jacobs， a German-born billionaire living abroad， announced that he would donate ?200m to the International University Bremen ( IUB )—the biggest such gift It saved the IUB ， Germany's only fully fledged private and international university (with 30 programmes and 1，000 students from 86 countries) from It may also soften the country's still rigid approach to higher
higher education has long been almost entirely a state-run affair， not least because universities were meant to produce top civil After 1945 the German states were put in charge， deciding on such details as examination and admission Reforms in the 1970s made things worse by strengthening， in the name of democracy， a layer of bureaucracy in the form of committees of
fees were scrapped in the name of access for But ever-rising student numbers then met ever-shrinking budgets， so the reforms Today the number of college drop-outs is among the highest in the rich world， making tertiary education an elite activity： only 22% of young Germans obtain a degree， compared with 31% in Britain and 39% in German universities come low in world rankings， so good students often go
the 1980s it was hoped that private universities might make a Witten-Herdecke University， founded in 1980， was the Teaching at IUB， which will change its name to Jacobs University soon， began in Today， there are 69 (non-faith-based) private institutions of higher learning， up from 24 a decade There is growing competition， particularly among business
the same time the states have been introducing private enterprise into higher In 20XX Lower Saxony turned five universities into foundations， with more Others have won more control over their own Some states have also started to charge tuition And in October a jury announced the winners of the first round of the “excellence initiative”—a national competition among universities for extra
all this has led to only small Private universities educate only 3% of Germany's 2m-odd students， which may be why they find it hard to raise It also explains why many focus on lucrative subjects， such as the Bucerius Law School in Others have come to depend on public Only recently have rich individuals' foundations made big investments， as at IUB or at the Hertie School of Governance in
universities， meanwhile， still have not been granted much There is less direct control， but far more “administered competition”： a new bureaucracy to check the achievement of certain This might all be avoided through price competition， but tuition fees， now ?1，000 a year on average， are fixed centrally by each The excellence initiative is a mere drop in the
is why Jacobs's donation For the first time， Germany will have a private university worth the name and with a solid financial footing (if it keeps up its academic performance， that is： Mr Jacobs has promised to donate ?15m annually over the next five years and another ?125m in 20XX to boost the endowment， but only if things go well)。 If it works， other rich Germans may be tempted into investing in higher education
so， private universities will play a small part in German higher education for the foreseeable This does not mean that public universities should be But they need more autonomy and an incentive to compete with one another—whether for students， staff or With luck， Mr Jacobs's gift will not only induce other German billionaires to follow suit， but also help to persuade the states to set their universities
Do the following statemets reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?
Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer
TRUE if the statement reflets the claims of the writer
FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is possbile to say what the writer thinks about this
Jacob‘s donation to the IUB is more likely to result in a firmer approach to the managemnt of German higher
German higher education is a mainly state-run affair primarily because universities were intended to train top civil
The reforms in the sector of German tertiaray education in the 1970s produced the opposite result to the one which it
The Bucerius Law School in Hamburg offers profitable business opprtunities for its students to make money for tuition
Jacob would like to donate ?125 million annually over the next five years to IUB on the condition that things go well .
Private universities will continue to play a small role in German higher education for quite a long period of time in the
Complet the following
Choose A FIGURE (NUMBER OR PERCENTAGE) from Reading Passage 1 for each
Write your answer in Boxes 7-10 on your answer
German government spends ______of its GDP on the sectorof higher
______ less of young people obtain a degree in Germany than in
There are ______more private insitutions of higher learning now than a decade
， there are over ______million German students studying in
Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 11-13 on your answe
Which of the following features about German higher education is NOT true：
The number of studenst drop out in the tertiary educatoin is one of the highest among the rich countries in the
The universities have a higher position in the scale of the world concerning the number of students obtaining a
The public univerities exercise fairly less autonomy and they also experience more “administratered competition ”。
The competition among the private universities is becoming incresingly tough and it is espceially true of business
The word “scrapped” in the first line of the fourth paragraph
raised
lowered
cancelled
What benefits will Jacob‘s donation bring about for German tertiaray education?
It will enable the International univerity Bremen to have a tight financial
It will cause the other wealthiest Gemans to save as much money as he does .
It will help the states grant more authority to their univerisites in the
It will tempt the good students studying abroad for a degree to return to
Keys and explanations to the Questions 1-13
False
Explanation：
See the last sentence in Paragraph B “It may also soften the country's still rigid approach to higher ”
True
Explanation：
See the first sentence in Paragraph C “…not least because universities were meant to produce top civil servants”。
True
Explanation：
See the second sentence in Paragraph D “But ever-rising student numbers then met ever-shrinking budgets， so the reforms backfired”
NOT GIVEN
Explanation：
See the third sentence in Paragraph G “It also explains why many focus on lucrative subjects， such as the Bucerius Law School in ”
False
Explanation：
See the third sentence in Paragraph I “ Jacobs has promised to donate ?15m annually over the next five years and another ?125m in 20XX to boost the endowment， but only if things go well”。
True
Explanation：
See the first sentence in Paragraph J “Private universities will play a small part in German higher education for the foreseeable ”。
%
Explanation：
See the last sentence in Paragraph A “America devotes twice as much of its income to universities and colleges as Germany (% of GDP， against %)。”
17%
Explanation：
See the thrid sentence in Paragraph D “…only 22% of young Germans obtain a degree， compared with 31% in Britain and 39% in America……”
45
Explanation：
See the fourth sentence in Paragraph E “…Today， there are 69 (non-faith-based) private institutions of higher learning， up from 24 a decade ago”
2
Explanation：
See the second sentence in Paragraph G “…Private universities educate only 3% of Germany's 2m-odd students…”。
Explanation：
See the last two sentence in Paragraph D “… only 22% of young Germans obtain a degree， compared with 31% in Britain and 39% in German universities come low in world rankings…”。
D
Explanation：
See the first sentence in Paragraph D “Tuition fees were scrapped in the name of access for ”
C
Explanation：
See the second sentence in Paragraph J “…Mr Jacobs's gift will not only induce other German billionaires to follow suit， but also help to persuade the states to set their universities ”
subtitle “Fold failure”： There are five metres of space between the two arrays at their closest
